Brookston Beer Bulletin

Jay R. Brooks on Beer

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Patent No. 711162A: Beer-Barrel-Tapping Device

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Today in 1902, US Patent 711162 A was issued, an invention of Joseph Holbach, for his “Beer-Barrel-Tapping Device.” There’s no Abstract, although in the description it includes this summary:

The object of this invention is to provide an efficient and convenient device for tapping a beer-barrel and drawing off the beer without injury to or loss or escape of the beer; and with this and other objects in view the invention consists in a device of the class specified constructed as hereinafter described an claimed.

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Patent No. 438328A: Apparatus For Brewing

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Today in 1890, US Patent 438328 A was issued, an invention of William J. Seib, for his “Apparatus For Brewing.” There’s no Abstract, although in the description it includes this summary:

My invention relates to an improvement in apparatus for use in collecting, condensing, and storing the essential oil and aromatic properties of hops to save them, and which is, therefore, especially serviceable for the particular purpose for which I have invented it namely, that of saving the aforesaid properties of the hops while they are being boiled with the wort in the manufacture of beer.

My present invention is particularly designed to afford an improvement in the construction of an apparatus for the same purpose as that set forth in the application of Carl Hoefner for Letters Patent of the United States No. 301,482, allowed on the 22d day of March, 1890. The construction of the apparatus therein described necessitates that the vapor from the kettle shall pass to the condenser and return by the same course to the storage-reservoir, which impairs the effectiveness of the condensation, since the liquid thereof has to pass under the influence of the rising heated vapor to gain access to the receptacle.

My object is to provide an apparatus for the purpose stated whereby this objection shall be obviated; and to this end my invention consists in the construction hereinafter set forth and claimed.

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Patent No. EP0949328A1: Gluten-Free Beer Containing Rice Malt

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Today in 1999, US Patent EP 0949328 A1 was issued, an invention of Marina Pieranna Bellini, Francesco Collavo, Giovanni Maccagnan, Antonio Pat, and Gian Luca Ragg, assigned to Heineken Italia S.p.A., for their “Gluten-Free Beer Containing Rice Malt.” Here’s the Abstract:

A gluten-free beer obtained from a mixture of starting materials comprising buck wheat, rice malt and optionally a component chosen from the group comprising corn, sorghum, millet and/or syrups thereof; this component is preferably corn syrup; the beer is obtained by saccharifying the above-mentioned mixture, optionally in the presence of amylolytic enzymes and glucanase, and it is particularly suitable for consumption by gluten-intolerant individuals.

Surprising this patent was issued in 1999, a bit before gluten-free became “a thing.” I was taking classes at UC Davis when Anheuser-Busch was sending samples of their gluten-free Redbridge to Dr. Michael Lewis, who had recently discovered he suffered from celiac disease. I ended up doing an article about the science behind gluten-free beer for Zymurgy magazine and did a tasting of gluten-free beers for it at Davis right after A-B debuted Redbridge, and that was in 2006. As far I know, I haven’t seen a gluten-free beer from Heineken, although I seem to recall that their beer is low in gluten.

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Patent No. 2057231A: Beer Faucet

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Today in 1936, US Patent 2057231 A was issued, an invention of Lester J. Dawson, for his “Faucet.” There’s no Abstract, although in the description it includes this summary:

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in faucets, and more particularly to faucets especially designed for dispensing gaseous liquids such as beer. An object of the present invention is to provide a beer faucet of simple and inexpensive construction comprising a valve mounted for reciprocal movement which, when opened, is i entirely out of the beer stream so that the beer may flow unobstructedly through the valve substantially without agitation. A further object is to provide a beer-faucet provided with a suitable dispensing nozzle and having a passage therein adapted to be connected to aL beer supply under pressure and a valve being interposed between the beer nozzle and said passage for controlling flow through the nozzle, said valve being so constructed and arranged that the pressure of the carbon dioxide and other gas content of the beer will tend to hold the valve on its seat when closed.

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Patent No. 3152717A: Carbonated Beverage Can

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Today in 1964, US Patent 3152717 A was issued, an invention of Joseph Schwaiger, assigned to Anheuser Busch, for his “Carbonated Beverage Can.” There’s no Abstract, although in the description it includes this summary:

This invention relates to a novel container or can for carbonated beverages, particularly beer, and also to a method for controlling the corrosion which normally occurs within such a container when filled with a carbonated beverage or other food product.

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SABMiller and Anheuser-Busch InBev Reach “Agreement In Principle”

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While most of us were sleeping, it appears SABMiller and Anheuser-Busch InBev were quite busy, and announced this morning SABMiller and Anheuser-Busch InBev [Reach] Agreement in principle and extension of PUSU. The New York Times has an analysis of the deal, or you can read the entire Press Release from SABMiller:

ABI-SABM

LONDON–The Boards of AB InBev (Euronext: ABI) (NYSE: BUD) and SABMiller (LSE: SAB) (JSE: SAB) announce that they have reached agreement in principle on the key terms of a possible recommended offer to be made by AB InBev for the entire issued and to be issued share capital of SABMiller (the “Possible Offer”).

Terms of Possible Offer

Under the terms of the Possible Offer, SABMiller shareholders would be entitled to receive GBP 44.00 per share in cash, with a partial share alternative (“PSA”) available for approximately 41% of the SABMiller shares.

The all-cash offer represents a premium of approximately 50% to SABMiller’s closing share price of GBP 29.34 on 14 September 2015 (being the last business day prior to renewed speculation of an approach from AB InBev).

The PSA consists of 0.483969 unlisted shares and GBP 3.7788 in cash for each SABMiller share, equivalent to a value of GBP 39.03 per SABMiller share on 12 October 2015, representing a premium of approximately 33% to the closing SABMiller share price of GBP 29.34 as of 14 September 2015. Further details of the PSA are set out below.

In addition, under the Possible Offer, SABMiller shareholders would be entitled to any dividends declared or paid by SABMiller in the ordinary course in respect of any completed six-month period ended 30 September or 31 March prior to completion of the possible transaction, which shall not exceed USD 0.2825 per share for the period ended 30 September 2015 and a further USD 0.9375 per share for the period ended 31 March 2016 (totalling USD 1.22 per share) and shall not exceed an amount to be agreed between AB InBev and SABMiller in respect of periods thereafter (which shall be disclosed in any announcement of a firm intention to make an offer).

The Board of SABMiller has indicated to AB InBev that it would be prepared unanimously to recommend the all-cash offer of GBP 44.00 per SABMiller share to SABMiller shareholders, subject to their fiduciary duties and satisfactory resolution of the other terms and conditions of the Possible Offer.

Antitrust and reverse break fee

In connection with the Possible Offer, AB InBev would agree to a “best efforts” commitment to obtain any regulatory clearances required to proceed to closing of the transaction. In addition, AB InBev would agree to a reverse break fee of USD 3 billion payable to SABMiller in the event that the transaction fails to close as a result of the failure to obtain regulatory clearances or the approval of AB InBev shareholders.

Pre-conditions

The announcement of a formal transaction would be subject to the following matters:

  1. a) unanimous recommendation by the Board of SABMiller in respect of the all-cash offer, and the execution of irrevocable undertakings to vote in favour of the transaction from members of the SABMiller Board, in a form acceptable to AB InBev;
  2. b) the execution of irrevocable undertakings to vote in favour of the transaction and to elect for the PSA from SABMiller’s two major shareholders, Altria Group, Inc. and BevCo Ltd., in each case in respect of all of their shareholding and in a form acceptable to AB InBev and SABMiller;
  3. c) the execution of irrevocable undertakings to vote in favour of the transaction from AB InBev’s largest shareholders, the Stichting Anheuser-Busch InBev, EPS Participations SaRL and BRC SaRL in a form acceptable to AB InBev and SABMiller;
  4. d) satisfactory completion of customary due diligence; and
  5. e) final approval by the Board of AB InBev.

The Board of AB InBev fully supports the terms of this Possible Offer and expects (subject to the matters above) to give its formal approval immediately prior to announcement.

AB InBev reserves the right to waive in whole or in part any of the pre-conditions to making an offer set out in this announcement, other than c) above which will not be waived.

The conditions of the transaction will be customary for a combination of this nature, and will include approval by both companies’ shareholders and receipt of antitrust and regulatory approvals.

In view of the timetable for obtaining some of these approvals, AB InBev envisages proceeding by way of a pre-conditional scheme of arrangement in accordance with the Code.

The cash consideration under the transaction would be financed through a combination of AB InBev’s internal financial resources and new third party debt.

Further details of the PSA

The PSA comprises up to 326 million shares, which will be available for approximately 41% of the SABMiller shares. These shares would take the form of a separate class of AB InBev shares (the “Restricted Shares”)[1], with the following characteristics:

  • Unlisted and not admitted to trading on any stock exchange;
  • Subject to a five-year lock-up from closing;
  • Convertible into AB InBev ordinary shares on a one for one basis after the end of that five year period;
  • Ranking equally with AB InBev ordinary shares with regards to dividends and voting rights; and
  • Director nomination rights.

SABMiller shareholders who elect for the partial share alternative will receive 0.483969 Restricted Shares[2] and GBP 3.7788 in cash for each SABMiller share.

Extension of the PUSU deadline

In accordance with Rule 2.6(a) of the Code, AB InBev was required, by not later than 5.00 pm on 14 October 2015, to either announce a firm intention to make an offer for SABMiller in accordance with Rule 2.7 of the Code or announce that it does not intend to make an offer for SABMiller, in which case the announcement will be treated as a statement to which Rule 2.8 of the Code applies.

In accordance with Rule 2.6(c) of the Code, the Board of SABMiller has requested that the Panel on Takeovers and Mergers (the “Panel”) extends the relevant deadline, as referred to above, to enable the parties to continue their talks regarding the Possible Offer. In the light of this request, an extension has been granted by the Panel and AB InBev must, by not later than 5.00 pm on 28 October 2015, either announce a firm intention to make an offer for SABMiller in accordance with Rule 2.7 of the Code or announce that it does not intend to make an offer for SABMiller, in which case the announcement will be treated as a statement to which Rule 2.8 of the Code applies. This deadline will only be extended with the consent of the Panel in accordance with Rule 2.6(c) of the Code.

AB InBev reserves the following rights:

  1. a) to introduce other forms of consideration and/or to vary the composition of consideration;
  2. b) to implement the transaction through or together with a subsidiary of AB InBev or NewCo or a company which will become a subsidiary of AB InBev or NewCo;
  3. c) to make an offer (including the all-cash offer and PSA) for SABMiller at any time on less favourable terms:

(i) with the agreement or recommendation of the Board of SABMiller;
(ii) if a third party announces a firm intention to make an offer for SABMiller on less favourable terms; or
(iii) following the announcement by SABMiller of a whitewash transaction pursuant to the Code; and

  1. d) to reduce its offer (including the all-cash offer and PSA) by the amount of any dividend that is announced, declared, made or paid by SABMiller prior to completion, save for ordinary course dividends declared or paid prior to completion, which shall not exceed USD 0.2825 per share for the period ended 30 September 2015 and a further USD 0.9375 per share for the period ended 31 March 2016 (totalling USD 1.22 per share) and shall not exceed an amount to be agreed between AB InBev and SABMiller in respect of periods thereafter (which shall be disclosed in any announcement of a firm intention to make an offer).

The announcement does not constitute an offer or impose any obligation on AB InBev to make an offer, nor does it evidence a firm intention to make an offer within the meaning of the Code. There can be no certainty that a formal offer will be made.

A further announcement will be made when appropriate.

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Patent No. 7810679B2: Beer Dispensing System With Gas Pressure Reservoir

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Today in 2010, US Patent 7810679 B2 was issued, an invention of Albert W. Wauters, Ian Anderson, and Edward P. Duffy, assigned to Anheuser-Busch Inbev S.A., for their “Beer Dispensing System with Gas Pressure Reservoir.” Here’s the Abstract:

A home beer dispensing apparatus has a keg having a self-contained bag filled with a beer and a pressure system. The pressure system creates a pressurized air space between the keg inner walls and the bag to assist in the dispensing of the beer. The pressure system has a keg one-way air valve mounted to a top wall of the keg to permit entry of pressurized air into the keg. The pressure system has a pressure reservoir mounted in the dispensing apparatus outside the keg and in fluid flow communication with the keg one-way valve. The reservoir stores a charge of pressurized air and supplies at least a portion of this charge to the keg through the keg air valve when the dispensing apparatus is operated to dispense the beer. The reservoir provides a reserved charge of pressurized gas that is on hand to reduce dampening pressure fluctuations during beer dispensing which can result in beer frothing, especially during the early stages of beer dispensing when the air head space in the keg is small. Further, the apparatus may also have a pressure sensing system adapted to measure time rate of pressure change in the keg. The apparatus has a signaling device responsive to the time rate of pressure change in the keg to produce a signal related to volume of beer remaining in the bag. Preferably, the signal is displayed visually on the dispensing apparatus.

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Patent No. 2451273A: Method Of Applying Bottle Caps

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Today in 1948, US Patent 2451273 A was issued, an invention of Elvin M. Bright, for his “Method of Applying Bottle Caps.” There’s no Abstract, although in the description it includes this summary:

This invention relates to improvements in a method for thermoplastically capping bottles.

It is an important object of the invention to provide a method and means of capping a bottle which, to a large extent, will make use of standard existing bottle capping equipment and will provide a cap which will not interfere with the handling, processing, merchandising, and use of the bottle and its contents in accordance with conventional procedure.

From the standpoint of the process involved, a very important objective is to soften a thickened margin of the bottle cap blank without softening the remainder thereof, and to mold such thickened margin around the cap-receiving bead of the bottle and immediately to harden it thereon. In this connection I propose to utilize infra-red rays or other radiant heat for softening the flange of the bottle cap blank while shielding and thermally insulating the top of the blank from such rays. Infra-red rays are preferred because of the ease with which they may be directed and controlled.

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Patent No. 2331556A: Process For Purifying Wort

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Today in 1943, US Patent 2331556 A was issued, an invention of Hans Olof Lindgren, for his “Process For Purifying Wort.” There’s no Abstract, although in the description it includes this summary:

The object of the invention is to provide a method of purifying, cooling, and aerating the wort, the main part of which is carried out as a continuous process, which is free of the above objections. The warm Wort leaving the hops boiler, at a temperature which is usually above 85 C. (185 FJ, and which should not be below ’70 C. (158 F.), or above 100 C. (212 F), is strained with a view to removing the coarsest impurities. It is then purified in a centrifuge f1 om which the purified Wort is discharged continuously. The wort is then passed through a cooler of such a construction that it cannot therein come into contact with the atmosphere. The cooled wort is conveyed to tanks, e. g., similar to the fermenting vats above described, in which the cool sludge is removed from the wort by finely divided air which has been mixed therewith at some step of the Process at which the wort is hot enough to sterilize the air, and which in the tank 6 lifts the .cool sludge to the surface. The air and the impurities, together with a small amount of wort, there form a layer of froth which may be skimmed off. If a suitable amount of air is used, a satisfactory purification is obtained at the same time, as the amount of wort contained in the froth is so small that it is unnecessary to take any measures for recovering it. The finely divided air need not be sterile unless it is introduced into the stream after the Wort has been partly or wholly cooled.

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Patent No. 6953256B2: Illuminated Tap Handle

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Today in 2005, US Patent 6953256 B2 was issued, an invention of Brent Turner, for his “Illuminated Tap Handle.” Here’s the Abstract:

One object of the invention is to provide an illuminated tap handle including a handle with one end capable of being secured to a tap and a threadable and detachable end allowing the placement of a removable energy source into the handle completing a circuit and illuminating a light source connected to a conducting strip inside the handle when the threadable end is substantially threaded onto the handle and a conducting portion on the threadable end touches the conducting strip and energy source. Another object is where the conducting strip is situated within the tap handle such that when the threadable end is partially or completely unthreaded the tension of the conduction strip is released and situated just above and not touching the energy source, but when the threadable end is substantially threaded onto the tap handle, the conducting strip is again pressed onto the energy source completing the circuit.

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